| 帅石金,马骁,李雁飞,等.氢内燃机产业化关键技术研究现状及展望[J].内燃机工程,2025,46(4):108-120. |
| 氢内燃机产业化关键技术研究现状及展望 |
| State of the Art and Outlook for the Key Technologies of Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engines |
| DOI:10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2025.04.012 |
| 关键词:氢能 氢内燃机 关键技术 综述 |
| Key Words:hydrogen energy hydrogen internal combustion engine(H2ICE) key technology review |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFB2505401) |
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| 摘要:对国内外氢内燃机的发展历程进行了梳理,对氢气和其混合气的理化特性及氢气射流扩散、火焰传播等进行了详细分析,重点阐述了氢内燃机产业化关键技术如氢喷射、异常燃烧、NOx排放、整机性能提升、润滑和安全等的研究现状。在全球碳中和及节能减排法规的驱动下,近年来氢内燃机的氢气喷射及混合气制备、早燃爆震、NOx后处理、专用润滑油等关键技术取得了显著进展,在稀燃条件下氢内燃机有效热效率已经超过45%,可以实现NOx近零排放。最后,对氢内燃机大规模产业化应用的关键因素进行了展望,如氢内燃机的安全性和可靠性急需提升,氢气缸内直喷和空气超高增压技术是提高氢内燃机动力性、经济性的关键。 |
| Abstract:The development history of hydrogen internal combustion engines (H2ICEs) around the world was sorted out, and the detailed analysis of physicochemical characteristics and flame propagation of hydrogen was conducted with an emphasis on the current research status of key technologies including hydrogen injection, abnormal combustion, NOx emission, lubrication, safety, and engine performance. Driven by the global carbon neutrality, energy saving and emission reduction regulations, a significant progress has recently been made in hydrogen direct injection and its mixture preparation, hydrogen pre-ignition and detonation suppression, NOx emission aftertreatment and dedicated lubricants for H2ICEs . Under lean-burn conditions, the brake thermal efficiency of H2ICEs has now exceeded 45%, and near-zero NOx emission can be achieved. Finally, critical factors are outlined for the large-scale application of H2ICEs, and the needs for further improvement in safety and reliability are highlighted. Notably, hydrogen direct injection and ultra-high supercharging technologies are identified as pivotal solutions for enhancing both power output and fuel economy of H2ICEs. |
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