王诗媛,贺玉海,孙博洋,等.高压泵柱塞套–出油阀座密封结构多方法协同优化[J].内燃机工程,2025,46(6):20-29.
高压泵柱塞套–出油阀座密封结构多方法协同优化
Multi-Method Collaborative Optimization of the Sealing Structure Between Plunger Sleeve and Outlet Valve Seat in a High-Pressure Pump
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2025.06.003
关键词:高压泵  弧面密封结构  分层贝叶斯
Key Words:high-pressure pump  arc sealing structure  hierarchical Bayesian
基金项目:预先研制项目
作者单位E-mail
王诗媛* 武汉理工大学 船海与能源动力工程学院，武汉 430000 nydl-wsy@whut.edu.cn 
贺玉海 武汉理工大学 船海与能源动力工程学院，武汉 430000
船舶动力工程技术交通行业重点实验室，武汉 430063 		 
孙博洋 武汉理工大学 船海与能源动力工程学院，武汉 430000  
刘振明* 海军工程大学 动力工程学院，武汉 430033 15927668186@163.com 
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摘要:针对高压泵柱塞套–出油阀座平面密封结构在极端工况下的密封失效，提出了一种单弧面密封结构和一种基于几何共形原理的双弧面密封结构。通过参数化建模与有限元仿真，系统对比了结构间的性能差异；同时创新性地引入分层贝叶斯模型，量化了螺栓预紧力对柱塞套上端面密封外圈寿命衰减速率的差异化影响。研究表明：双弧面共形设计具有优势，双弧面密封结构相较于平面密封结构，最大von Mises应力降低54.50%，最高寿命提升24.53%。平面、单弧面、双弧面密封结构的螺栓预紧力敏感性分别为-248、-176、-217循环/kN，表明结构优化对装配精度依赖性具有一定的影响。双弧面密封结构在220 MPa动态压力下密封性能表现较佳，为高压液压系统提供了一种兼顾寿命与成本制造的优化解决方案。
Abstract:To address the sealing failure of the planar sealing structures between the high-pressure pump plunger sleeves and the delivery valve seats under extreme operating conditions， a single-arc sealing structure and a dual-arc sealing structure based on geometric conformal principles were proposed. Parametric modeling and finite element simulations were employed to systematically compare performance differences among these structures. Additionally， a hierarchical Bayesian model was innovatively introduced to quantify the differential effects of bolt preload on the lifespan degradation rate of the sealing outer ring on the plunger sleeve upper surface. Results demonstrate that the dual-arc conformal design exhibits superior performance， reducing the maximum von Mises stress by 54.50% and increasing the maximum lifespan by 24.53% compared to the planar structure. Bolt preload sensitivity coefficients for planar， single-arc and dual-arc structures were determined as -248， -176， and -217 cycles per kN， respectively， indicating structural optimization mitigates dependency on assembly precision. Under 220 MPa dynamic pressure， the dual-arc structure demonstrates optimal sealing performance， offering an optimized solution for high-pressure hydraulic systems that balances lifespan and manufacturing cost.
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