张子威,李春晖,吕星飞.大流量限流阀流动与结构优化[J].内燃机工程,2025,46(6):41-53.
大流量限流阀流动与结构优化
Flow and Structural Optimization of a High Flow Limiting Valve
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2025.06.005
关键词:共轨  限流阀  流动  结构优化  Fluent软件
Key Words:common rail  flow limiting valve  flow  structural optimization  Fluent software
基金项目:国防科工局基础产品创新计划车用动力科研专项项目
作者单位E-mail
张子威* 中国北方发动机研究所，天津 300400 751334315@qq.com 
李春晖 中国北方发动机研究所，天津 300400  
吕星飞 中国北方发动机研究所，天津 300400  
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摘要:针对传统大流量共轨系统限流阀内部燃油流动湍动能强度大影响其流通特性和喷油特性的问题，提出改进的限流阀结构。利用Creo软件建立限流阀的三维模型并利用Workbench软件抽取不同阀芯开度下的流体域模型，基于设定的工况条件，应用Fluent软件进行燃油流动仿真计算。结果表明：随着阀芯节流孔锥度的增大，阀内最低压力增加，平均湍动能和出口质量流量减小。随着阀体出油道肩部圆弧半径的增大，阀内的最低压力和出口质量流量增大，平均湍动能减小。在不同轨压及脉宽条件下对改进方案的限流阀进行共轨系统喷油特性试验，集成改进限流阀的共轨系统喷油稳定性和喷油速率相比集成原型限流阀的共轨系统均有提升，平均喷油速率最大提高了5.85%，喷射稳定性最大提高了37.69%，喷射一致性最大提升了25.50%。
Abstract:Aiming at the problem that the turbulent energy intensity of fuel flow inside the traditional high flow common rail system’s flow limiting valve affects its flow and injection characteristics， an improved structure of the flow limiting valve was proposed. The three-dimensional model of the flow limiting valve was established using Creo software， and the fluid domain models under different valve core openings were extracted using Workbench software. Based on the set operating conditions， Fluent software was applied for fuel flow simulation calculation. The results show that as the taper of the valve core orifice increases， the minimum pressure inside the valve increases， and the average turbulence energy and outlet mass flow rate decrease. As the radius of the shoulder arc of the valve body oil outlet increases， the minimum pressure inside the valve and the outlet mass flow rate increase， and the average turbulent energy decreases. Under different rail pressure and pulse width conditions， the injection characteristics of the improved flow limiting valve were tested on the common rail system. The injection stability and injection rate of the common rail system with integrated improved flow limiting valve were improved compared to the common rail system with integrated prototype flow limiting valve. The average injection rate was increased by a maximum of 5.85%， the injection stability was increased by a maximum of 37.69% and the injection consistency was increased by a maximum of 25.50%.
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