汤鑫,邓晰文,邓伟,等.两缸柴油机铝合金缸体水套传热均匀性多目标优化设计[J].内燃机工程,2025,46(6):12-19.
两缸柴油机铝合金缸体水套传热均匀性多目标优化设计
Multi-Objective Optimization Design of Heat Transfer Uniformity of Water Jacket of Aluminum Alloy Cylinder Block of a Two-Cylinder Diesel Engine
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2025.06.002
关键词:偏置进水口  两缸柴油机  铝合金缸体  非支配排序遗传算法Ⅱ  均匀性  差异性
Key Words:offset water inlet  two-cylinder diesel engine  aluminum alloy cylinderbody  non-donminated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱ （NSGA-Ⅱ）  uniformity  differentiation
基金项目:云南省科技计划项目（202202AB080011）
作者单位E-mail
汤鑫* 昆明理工大学 云南省内燃机重点实验室，昆明 650500 3125414610@qq.com 
邓晰文* 昆明理工大学 云南省内燃机重点实验室，昆明 650500 xixiwen@126.com 
邓伟 昆明理工大学 云南省内燃机重点实验室，昆明 650500 1323364897@qq.com 
雷基林 昆明理工大学 云南省内燃机重点实验室，昆明 650500 leijilin@sina.com 
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摘要:针对某两缸柴油机缸体水套异侧流动差异性大、同侧均匀性差的问题，研究在偏置进水口处设置分流板结构对其冷却液流动特性的影响，采用拉丁超立方进行试验设计，建立了偏置进水口分流结构参数与水套流动特性的数学关系模型，综合分析了偏置进水口分流结构参数对缸体水套流动的均匀性指标和差异性指标，并开展了多目标优化。研究结果表明：基于非支配排序遗传算法Ⅱ（non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱ， NSGA-Ⅱ）的双目标优化和决策，得到最佳方案的均匀性指标值为0.630 2，相比于原始方案的均匀性指标值提高约20倍，提高了铝合金缸体进水口两侧流动的均匀性。最佳方案的差异性指标值为0.023 7，相比于原始方案的差异性指标值降低约98.7%，降低了铝合金缸体进水口两侧流动的差异性。分流板设置的区域满足偏置进水口中心线到两缸孔中心连线的距离与分流板顶点到两缸孔中心连线的距离的比值介于0.942~0.961之间时，分流板的设置对流动差异性的降低和流动均匀性的提高效果最佳。
Abstract:In order to solve the problems of large flow differences on the opposite sides and poor uniformity on the same side of the cylinder block water jacket of a certain two-cylinder diesel engine， the influence of setting a splitter plate structure at the offset water inlet on its coolant flow characteristics was studied. The Latin hypercube was used for experimental design， and a mathematical relationship model between the structural parameters of the offset water inlet splitter and the flow characteristics of the water jacket was established. The influence of the structural parameters of the offset water inlet splitter on the uniformity index and difference index of the flow in the cylinder block water jacket was comprehensively analyzed， and multi-objective optimization was carried out. The research results show that， based on the bi-objective optimization and decision-making of non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱ （NSGA-Ⅱ）， the uniformity index of the optimal scheme is 0.630 2. Compared with that of the original scheme， it is increased by about 20 times， improving the uniformity of the flow on both sides of the water inlet of the aluminum alloy cylinder block. The difference index of the optimal scheme is 0.023 7. Compared with that of the original scheme， it is reduced by about 98.7%， reducing the flow difference on both sides of the water inlet of the aluminum alloy cylinder block. When the ratio of the distance from the center line of the offset water inlet to the line connecting the centers of the two cylinder bores and the distance from the vertex of the splitter plate to the line connecting the centers of the two cylinder bores is between 0.942 and 0.961 in the area where the splitter plate is set， the setting of the splitter plate has the best effect on reducing the flow difference and improving the flow uniformity.
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