梁乐才,周宇,赵海康,等.不同配比生物燃油对船用发动机颗粒物排放特性的影响[J].内燃机工程,2025,46(4):121-128.
不同配比生物燃油对船用发动机颗粒物排放特性的影响
Effects of Blending Biofuel on the Particulate Matter Emission Characteristics of Marine Engines
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2025.04.013
关键词:生物燃油  颗粒物  粒径分布  微观形貌
Key Words:biofuel  particulate matter  particle size distribution  micro morphology
基金项目:上海船舶智能运维与能效监控工程技术研究中心基金项目（20DZ2252300）
作者单位E-mail
梁乐才* 中石化中海船舶燃料供应有限公司，广州 510700 hshcl@163.com 
周宇 上海海事大学 商船学院，上海 201306 1754048588@qq.com 
赵海康 上海海事大学 商船学院，上海 201306 77452104@qq.com 
彭俊杰 上海海事大学 商船学院，上海 201306 1723697421@qq.com 
王健雁 中石化中海船舶燃料供应有限公司，广州 510700 wangjy@sinobunker.com 
安喜月 上海海事大学 商船学院，上海 201306 2634558903@qq.com 
吴刚* 上海海事大学 商船学院，上海 201306 wugang@shmtu.edu.cn 
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摘要:为研究掺混生物燃油和重油对船用发动机颗粒物排放特性的影响，在一台船用二冲程发动机上开展了负荷特性工况（E2）和推进特性工况（E3）的试验研究。试验选择B15生物燃油（将生物柴油和180船用低硫重油按15%∶85%质量比混合得到的燃料，依此类推）、B24生物燃油、B30生物燃油、B50生物燃油和180船用低硫重油五种燃料。通过粒径仪测量排气中颗粒物在不同粒径下的数量浓度，研究结果表明：与180低硫重油相比，生物燃油的积聚模态颗粒（大于50 nm）总数减少，或转化为尺寸更小的核模态的颗粒（小于50 nm）。通过滤膜称重法测量并计算颗粒物的排放因子，结果发现在负荷特性循环工况下，随着生物燃油的掺混比例增加，颗粒物的排放因子降低。通过热泳探针采集颗粒物样品，使用透射电子显微镜（transmission electron microscopy， TEM）观察了颗粒物的微观样貌，发现颗粒物团聚体呈现链状结构。
Abstract:In order to study the effects of blending biofuel and heavy oil on the particulate matter emission characteristics of marine engines， experimental studies of load characteristics （E2） and recommended characteristics （E3） were carried out on a two-stroke marine engine. Five fuels including B15 biofuel（i.e.， a fuel blend of biodiesel and 180 marine low-sulfur heavy fuel oil（HFO） mixed in a mass ratio of 15%∶85%， and so on）， B24 biofuel， B30 biofuel， B50 biofuel， and 180 marine low-sulfur HFO were selected. The quantitative concentration of particulate matter in the exhaust gas at different particle sizes was measured by a particle sizer， and the results showed that the total number of particles in the accumulation mode （greater than 50 nm） of biofuel was reduced or converted into particles of a smaller nuclear mode （less than 50 nm） compared to 180 marine low-sulfur HFO. The emission factor of particulate matter was measured and calculated by membrane weighing， and it was found that the emission factor of particulate matter decreased as the proportion of biofuel oil increased under the load characteristic cycle condition. The particulate matter samples were collected by a thermophoresis probe， and the microscopic appearance of the particles was observed with transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. And it was found that particulate matter aggregates exhibited a chain-like structure.
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