吴刚,李姣秀,马千里,等.船用大功率低速机重油颗粒物排放的物理和化学特性研究[J].内燃机工程,2023,44(5):88-94.
船用大功率低速机重油颗粒物排放的物理和化学特性研究
Study on Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Heavy Fuel Oil Particulate Matter Emissions of A Large Power Low-Speed Marine Engine
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2023.05.012
关键词:大型船舶  低速机  颗粒  重油  微观形态  元素组成
Key Words:large ship  low-speed diesel engine  particulate  heavy fuel oil（HFO）  microscopic morphology  elemental composition
基金项目:上海市科技创新计划项目（20DZ2252300）
作者单位E-mail
吴刚* 上海海事大学 商船学院，上海 201306 wugang@shmtu.edu.cn 
李姣秀* 上海海事大学 商船学院，上海 201306 lijiaoxiu1688@163.com 
马千里 上海海事大学 商船学院，上海 201306 1291649004@qq.com 
陈晓东 中国极地研究中心，上海 201209 chenxiaodong@pric.org.cn 
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摘要:为了深入探究大功率低速机重油（heavy fuel oil， HFO）的颗粒物排放的理化特性，通过扫描电子显微镜（scanning electron microscopy， SEM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy， FTIR）和能量色散X射线光谱（energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy， EDS）对低速机重油颗粒的微观形态、表面官能团及表面元素等理化学特性进行分析，并与车用高速机的柴油颗粒特性进行对比。结果表明，大功率船用低速机重油颗粒中，发现了不同于车用柴油颗粒的团聚态的单独大尺寸球形颗粒形态，尺寸约3 μm。重油颗粒表面吸附的元素除大量C、O元素外，还发现一定量的Si、Ca、Cu、Al、Na、Zn、Ba、Cl、K、S等其他元素。这些元素与燃料本身及气缸润滑有关，使重油颗粒具有更高的毒性。在重油颗粒中，没有明显发现1 750 cm-1~1 630 cm-1谱范围内的C=O键。
Abstract:In order to clarify the physicochemical characteristics of the particulate matter emissions of heavy fuel oil（HFO） of a large power low-speed engine， the microscopic morphology， surface functional groups and surface elements of HFO particles were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）， Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy（FTIR） and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（EDS）， and were compared with the diesel particulate matter characteristics of high-speed engines in vehicles. The results showed that the HFO particles of the large-power low-speed marine engine were in the agglomerated state with individual large spherical particles of about 3 μm diameter， which were found to be different from those of automotive diesel particles. In addition to a large number of C and O elements adsorbed on the surface of HFO particles， a certain amount of Si， Ca， Cu， Al， Na， Zn， Ba， Cl， K， S and other elements were also found. These elements are related to the fuel itself and the cylinder lubrication， so the heavy fuel oil particles have higher toxicity. No obvious C=O in the spectral range of 1 750 cm-1~1 630 cm-1 was found in the HFO particles.
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