朱瑞，汪洋，耿鹤鸣，董翔宇，王明博，甄旭东.低回油高压共轨喷油器方案优化[J].内燃机工程,2021,42(2):82-88.
低回油高压共轨喷油器方案优化
Optimization of High-Pressure Common Rail Injector with Low-Return Fuel
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2021.02.011
关键词:高压共轨喷油器  动态响应  回油量  AMESim
Key Words:high-pressure common rail injector  dynamic response  returned fuel  AMESim
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51476113, 51776135, 51406135）
作者单位
朱瑞，汪洋，耿鹤鸣，董翔宇，王明博，甄旭东 1. 天津大学 内燃机燃烧学国家重点实验室，天津 300072； 2.天津职业技术师范大学 汽车与交通学院，天津 300222 
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摘要:通过改变控制柱塞结构，提出一种低回油量高压共轨喷油器方案，以减小与回油节流孔相连的控制腔压力，减小回油量。利用一维仿真工具AMESim对新方案的关键结构参数进行优化，结果表明：随密封环直径减小，针阀关闭延时减小，但密封环直径过小会使针阀发生连续跳动，导致喷油速率脉动且削弱减小回油量的作用；引流节流孔直径减小，回油量减小，但过小的孔径会使关闭响应恶化。在不同共轨压力下对新方案进行仿真，新方案回油量与原高压共轨喷油器相比明显减小，最多可减小41%以上，且响应性不受影响，证明所提出的方案有效。
Abstract:A scheme of high-pressure common rail injectors with low-return fuel was proposed by changing the control plunger structure in order to reduce the pressure of the control chamber connected to the fuel return orifice to reduce the quantity of returned fuel. The key structural parameters of the new scheme was optimized with one-dimensional simulation tool AMESim. Results show that the delay of closing the needle valve decreases with the decrease of the diameter of the seal ring, but too small diameter of the seal ring will cause the needle valve to continuously jump, resulting in the pulsation of the injection rate and weakening the effect of reducing the quantity of returned fuel. The quantity of returned fuel decreases with the decrease of the diameter of the orifice, but too small diameter will deteriorate the closing response. The new scheme was simulated under different common rail pressures. Compared with original high pressure common rail injectors, the quantity of returned fuel of the new scheme reduces significantly by up to more than 41% and the characteristic of closing response is not affected, which proves that the proposed scheme is effective.
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